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Post by CSLR on Apr 6, 2006 20:03:05 GMT
As with all tunnels of this type, there is access for the purposes of inspection. Locations and details are probably best not discussed on this forum.
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Post by CSLR on Apr 6, 2006 20:50:31 GMT
Could it be that the BOT were being 'leant on' by HMG to allow the CSLR to develop themselves 'free from hinderence'? The history of railway regulation is based on the observation of things that have previously happened. In this case, the type of tunnels and the motive power were both new, and the rules were just a draft based on what the regulators thought might happen. Although there does seem to have been a light touch, I think that this was because the BOT were learning what to do with a railway like this. Nevertheless, I still cannot understand why something like the signalling matter that I previously mentioned slipped through. That appears to have been a complete breach of existing railway operating practice. Although it was a vital step towards automatic signalling, it seems strange that it happened in the way that it did. It would have been more logical to plan such a bold move on a surface line where it could be monitored, inspected and adjusted. Instead, the company just installed and commissioned it without permission and then wrote to ask for retrospective approval. The BOT just rubber-stamped their acceptance and did not even bother to send anyone out to look at it for two months. Elsewhere though, things were more difficult. The C&SLR certainly did not have an easy time getting parliamentary approval for its extensions and as new tube railways appeared, the regulations certainly got tougher.
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Post by CSLR on Apr 7, 2006 16:22:46 GMT
If you had passed along the passage in the original photo on this thread between 1890-1900 and boarded the first train, you would have gone round the notorious Arthur Street curve. This is it:- The point where the carriages hit the tunnel lining is roughly where the third light bulb is in the picture.
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Post by Deleted on Apr 7, 2006 16:26:58 GMT
Wonderful pic you have there, CSLR. If we look closely, we can see little 'danglies' from the tunnel rings; these are not scratches on the pic, but stalagmites. Little thin rods of sediment which has dripped through the linings over many years and have solidified.
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Post by CSLR on Apr 7, 2006 16:33:43 GMT
Wonderful pic you have there, CSLR. If we look closely, we can see little 'danglies' from the tunnel rings; these are not scratches on the pic, but stalagmites. Little thin rods of sediment which has dripped through the linings over many years and have solidified. Ah. You forgot the rule. Mites grow up when tights come....(I am sure you know the rest). The stalagmites in this tunnel are actually quite chunky things that have embedded themselves in the floor and are quite large enough to trip over. The stalagtites that you can see dangling from the ceiling are incredibly fragile hollow straws. In a rarely visited part of the tunnel nearer to London Bridge, I have seen them grow several feet in length. As this started as a quiz thread, does anyone know why we get stalagmites and stalagtites growing in tunnels carved through London Clay?
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Post by Deleted on Apr 7, 2006 16:38:18 GMT
Ah yes, I knew that!!! Always got stalag-mites and -tites muddled up. One grows upwards. Oh well, I was never any good at science....
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Post by Deleted on Apr 7, 2006 17:56:44 GMT
If you had passed along the passage in the original photo on this thread between 1890-1900 and boarded the first train, you would have gone round the notorious Arthur Street curve. This is it:- The point where the carriages hit the tunnel lining is roughly where the third light bulb is in the picture. Another superb photo, CSLR. If you walk around Arthur Street, you cannot help but think 'how the hell did those trains actually get around this curve?'
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Post by Deleted on Apr 7, 2006 21:11:45 GMT
Wonderful pic you have there, CSLR. If we look closely, we can see little 'danglies' from the tunnel rings; these are not scratches on the pic, but stalagmites. Little thin rods of sediment which has dripped through the linings over many years and have solidified. Ah. You forgot the rule. Mites grow up when tights come....(I am sure you know the rest). The stalagmites in this tunnel are actually quite chunky things that have embedded themselves in the floor and are quite large enough to trip over. The stalagtites that you can see dangling from the ceiling are incredibly fragile hollow straws. In a rarely visited part of the tunnel nearer to London Bridge, I have seen them grow several feet in length. As this started as a quiz thread, does anyone know why we get stalagmites and stalagtites growing in tunnels carved through London Clay? Stalagmites and Stalagtites form because water seeping through the lime grout around the tunnel lining replicates a limestone cave, where such things are normally found.
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Post by CSLR on Apr 7, 2006 22:18:37 GMT
As this started as a quiz thread, does anyone know why we get stalagmites and stalactites growing in tunnels carved through London Clay? David wroteYes. Water trickling through the lime grout is slowly dissolving it in places which will result in a slow subsidence of the ground over time. However, it is totally insignificant when compared to the rate that London is sinking through other causes (the weight of buildings, rapidly declining water table in the subsoil, etc). What is interesting is the fact that in some places in the original tunnel there are no stalactites, despite the fact that there is some ingress of water. Analysis has confirmed that these are places where Greathead experimented with a cement based grout before deciding on the final mix with an increased lime content.
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Post by Deleted on Apr 8, 2006 9:48:35 GMT
When I started this quiz almost one week ago, I thought that it would be gone within a few hours or even minutes. I certainly didn't expect it to run to five pages. Thanks to some interesting postings, I have learnt a great deal about the CSLR and it's tunnels. Thanks to all those who have posted, CSLR in particular.
What type of grout was used by the other tube companies? What type is used today?
I remember in the 1990s being told that holes drilled in the walls of CSLR stations was to inject fresh grouting. Does anyone else recall this?
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Post by CSLR on Apr 8, 2006 11:30:33 GMT
I remember in the 1990s being told that holes drilled in the walls of CSLR stations was to inject fresh grouting. Does anyone else recall this? There have been sections where re-grouting has taken place. A few of the 1990 holes were drilled for a different reason
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Post by CSLR on Apr 8, 2006 17:26:40 GMT
A week ago David posted a picture of part of a tube tunnel in this thread and asked where it was. I am now posting a picture of another tunnel, that I think you will guess is somewhere on the same line. It is the oldest known photograph of a train in a tube tunnel and comes from an article called 'London Underground' that was published in a monthly magazine. To my knowledge, only one copy of the magazine survives, tucked away in a relatively obscure library somewhere in the world. Even the British Library does not have a copy. I am therefore reasonably certain that most of you will not have seen this. If you use the clues in previous posts in this thread, you might just be able to work out where it is. Have a go if you like. There is however a slight difference to this 'quiz'. Just take a look at this picture and see what you make of it. No right or wrong answers, just something very interesting to spot. I will not be making any comments until there have been a few posts. See what you can do.
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Phil
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Post by Phil on Apr 8, 2006 17:46:00 GMT
ALthough hard to believe, the tail-lamp on the back leads me to think it is a SERVICE train....!!!!!
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Post by Deleted on Apr 8, 2006 17:49:53 GMT
I'm thinking about that 'board' below the 2nd 'O' in London...
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Post by Deleted on Apr 8, 2006 19:11:02 GMT
I've spent some time looking at the apparatus mounted on the right-hand side of the tunnel, it looks like a signal wire running along the wall, yet I am unable to see any aspect for the 'signal', which makes me wonder if we're not looking at the rear of the train at all.
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Post by Deleted on Apr 8, 2006 19:15:10 GMT
I was trying to work out what that box was David. I think that, because the trains were effectively 'top and tailed' they used to leave the lamps on, to save walking back and forth each time they 'changed ends'. I could be wrong, but it wouldnt surprise me if this IS what happened.
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Post by Deleted on Apr 8, 2006 20:18:32 GMT
Trains weren't top and tailed in service. The incoming loco was released by the train departing with another loco on the front. The incoming loco would follow the departing train as far as a limit of shunt type of signal..
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Post by Deleted on Apr 8, 2006 20:21:44 GMT
I'm thinking about that 'board' below the 2nd 'O' in London... This board is at just the right height to have been seen from the cab of a CSLR loco, I think it could have been collected with the 'signal' object opposite. None of which gets us any closer to working out a location of course.!
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Post by CSLR on Apr 8, 2006 21:05:36 GMT
I'm thinking about that 'board' below the 2nd 'O' in London... This board is at just the right height to have been seen from the cab of a CSLR loco, I think it could have been collected with the 'signal' object opposite. None of which gets us any closer to working out a location of course.! Some very good points, I will comment on them later. For those trying to work out the location - look at the tunnel, think of how the railway was operated, consider how the photograph must have been taken and browse back through this thread.
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Post by Deleted on Apr 8, 2006 21:40:28 GMT
Is the device I mentioned in the post above this one, not a signal at all, but in fact one of the CSLRs train detectors?
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Post by russe on Apr 8, 2006 22:52:29 GMT
Assuming the lower portion of the tunnel rings are circular, the flat-bottom running rails appear to be spiked (typical of C&SLR practice) to wooden cross-bearers, as is the off-centre conductor rail (adjacent to the left-hand running rail). I can't make out what the dark line is running up the centre of the track is. I guess the picture is taken from the cab of a locomotive about to couple to or just uncoupled from the coaches. Presumably the conductor rail was offset 'on the same side' throughout the system, but I don't know whether this view is looking north or south.
Wonderful pic.
Russ
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Post by mandgc on Apr 9, 2006 0:16:25 GMT
"Not the rear of the train ??" (David # 74)
Could the train be standing at a 'Set Back' signal (ie: to a siding) into which it will be propelled by the Loco ?
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Post by CSLR on Apr 9, 2006 0:22:15 GMT
Assuming the lower portion of the tunnel rings are circular, the flat-bottom running rails appear to be spiked (typical of C&SLR practice) to wooden cross-bearers, as is the off-centre conductor rail (adjacent to the left-hand running rail). I can't make out what the dark line is running up the centre of the track is. I guess the picture is taken from the cab of a locomotive about to couple to or just uncoupled from the coaches. Presumably the conductor rail was offset 'on the same side' throughout the system, but I don't know whether this view is looking north or south. Wonderful pic. Russ Russ, you have spotted two (possibly three) pointers to the location. As you have guessed, the live rail was offset on the same side throughout the line. So, if this is the rear of a train, we must be looking at the southbound line. Think about what else you said.
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Post by CSLR on Apr 9, 2006 0:48:15 GMT
Could the train be standing at a 'Set Back' signal (ie: to a siding) into which it will be propelled by the Loco ? It is not a siding but you are getting warm with your comments. To help you narrow things down, the photograph was taken in 1899 when the line ran only from King William Street to Stockwell.
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Post by CSLR on Apr 9, 2006 0:55:34 GMT
I can't make out what the dark line is running up the centre of the track is. There is a wooden walkway between the centre of the track and the right hand running rail. I am reasonably certain that the black line is oil and grease that has dripped from the loco and/or the couplings. Follow that line closely, it might be relevant.
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Post by CSLR on Apr 9, 2006 8:36:41 GMT
Virtually all of the key indicators have now been mentioned. As part of his comments, one of the members has unwittingly described the exact position that this picture seems to have been taken, without naming the location. I think that it is now time to give a little more information. The photograph is one of a pair that were taken during the same visit. The other photo was of a train in the platform at King William Street station. Although we have covered many points, there is still one important feature staring everyone in the face. Will someone please look at the tunnel segments and tell me what you see? Here is a direct link back to the picture if you need it img83.imageshack.us/img83/7503/tunnel4er.jpg
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Post by CSLR on Apr 9, 2006 11:05:49 GMT
David has now realised what he wrote and has sent me a PM with the correct location. Anyone else want to have a go? Rather strangely, still no comments on the tunnel from anyone.
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Post by stanmorek on Apr 9, 2006 11:37:33 GMT
I assume this is the original 10'6" gauge? My immediate comment is that the tunnel segments haven't been laid symmetrically leading to different lines of action of forces on the rivetted connections due to the hoop stresses? This may be intentional due to constraints during construction.
Then again my only experience with tunnels are the sub-surface type and not the deep tubes.
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Post by Deleted on Apr 9, 2006 12:57:34 GMT
I assume this is the original 10'6" gauge? My immediate comment is that the tunnel segments haven't been laid symmetrically leading to different lines of action of forces on the rivetted connections due to the hoop stresses? This may be intentional due to constraints during construction. Then again my only experience with tunnels are the sub-surface type and not the deep tubes. Yes, it is the original 10'6" guage of tunnel, as CSLR said, the pic is from 1899.
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Post by CSLR on Apr 9, 2006 14:42:17 GMT
As stanmore K points out, the tunnel segments are not aligned centrally, and this helps us in our search for the location. What happened was this:- During the construction of the Tower Subway, Greathead made one small change of gradient half-way along the tunnel and introduced a gentle curve near to the southern end; and I do mean a ‘gentle’ curve – it had a radius of around half a mile (2,640 ft)! He then leapt straight from that to attempting the sharpest curves ever to be built on a tube railway, the tightest of which was 140 ft. In order to do this he added more packing between the joints, which meant that the segments on the outer edge of a curve were a greater distance apart than those on the inner edge. This resulted in the weight of the segments pulling the bolts down at an angle and causing the tunnel lining to skew to one side. If you look at the picture of Arthur Street curve, you will see that this has happened. In the photo that we are discussing (shown below), the skew is even more noticeable, due to the proximity of the carriage. Look particularly at the position of the key piece in relation to the carriage roof. Then try to line the horizontal joins in the segments on the left with those on the right I will give details of the probable location of this picture after a few more posts .
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