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Post by stanmorek on Nov 15, 2005 12:06:46 GMT
I had a PM asking what type of structure LGN1 was as I mentioned it in another post. Well I hope the fellow member doesn't mind if I share this with the rest of you as it's one of the more usual things I've come across. AFAIK there is only one in on the LUL network. It's a giant purpose built drainage ditch situated on the Metropolitan line 1700m east of Chalfont & Latimer. Basically a 45m x 5m open concrete box with a soakaway fed by a drain from higher ground. It came about after the railway embankment there slipped after heavy rain and bad flooding from a nearby farmer's field back in the 1990s. Here's a photo: lu-engineering.fpic.co.uk/p22820280.html
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Post by Deleted on Nov 15, 2005 12:26:31 GMT
Is it always in that state? It doesn't look very efficient when in that state of cleanliness :-P
Speaking of drainage and stuff, can you discuss the embankment strengthening that was done to the up side of the Met in the valley under the M25, near A971?
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Post by stanmorek on Nov 15, 2005 12:57:31 GMT
Is it always in that state? It doesn't look very efficient when in that state of cleanliness :-P? Speaking of drainage and stuff, can you discuss the embankment strengthening that was done to the up side of the Met in the valley under the M25, near A971? Well that's how I ended up taking that photo as I was asked to investigate and report on any work needed! ;D I think I know the embankment stabilisation project you're talking about which was completed recently. I can't say alot about it but I visited the works a year ago as I knew an engineer working there. The site office compound was under the M25 flyover. Skanska were the contractors and an earthwork berm was being constructed along the embankment to allow access for construction vehicles. I seem to remember the basic design was a concrete retaining wall built on piled foundations (there are alot of restrictions on piling work close to the railway) close to the toe of the embankment to be backfilled later on. There was a survey team checking the track for movements everyday whilst work was taking place. The decision to do this work would've been beccuase of some kind of movement of the embankment happening resulting in a temporary speed restriction in that area. You're right. I'd expect some kind of drainage to be installed.
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Post by Deleted on Nov 15, 2005 14:32:39 GMT
So the basic idea behind the strengthening was to replace the sloped edge of the embankment along the valley with a pile-driven, straight wall to hold the embankment up against slippage?
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Post by stanmorek on Nov 15, 2005 16:37:49 GMT
Yes that's the basic idea. Not much of a mud mover (geotechnical engineer) myself but going by past examples the sloped embankment is levelled up the top of the wall. Add handrails and you have a nice wide cess for track walkers.
I suppose depending on the situation other solutions can be applied such as regrading the slope and supporting the toe with a low level gabion wall. Another method is "soil nailing" where a number of angled cores are sunk into the slope and steel rods are inserted in, grouted up, then tensioned up to a predetermined level and bolted against a top bearing plate.
Depending on the line, taking into account its history and geograpical area, embankment and cuttings can be predominantly clay, chalk or ash. Its quite common for track to be laid ash waste product from power stations. These are now causing problems due to compaction during construction. It's good practice to keep well managed vegetation on embankments, especially for clay type soils which shrink or swell depending on the season. It may sound daft but over cutting vegetation like trees can leave a build up of soil water pressure without uptake from roots.
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Post by Deleted on Nov 15, 2005 17:42:59 GMT
Yes that's the basic idea. Not much of a mud mover (geotechnical engineer) myself but going by past examples the sloped embankment is levelled up the top of the wall. Add handrails and you have a nice wide cess for track walkers. Indeed - I noticed that on my travels. I suppose depending on the situation other solutions can be applied such as regrading the slope and supporting the toe with a low level gabion wall. Another method is "soil nailing" where a number of angled cores are sunk into the slope and steel rods are inserted in, grouted up, then tensioned up to a predetermined level and bolted against a top bearing plate. Fascinating - that sounds similar to the anchor rods and plates you see in really old brick buildings, where a hole is put through the outer brick wall, a large rod with threads fed through and a stonking big plate screwed on and anchored with a bolt. Presumably these plates are used either to hold the walls of the building together or to provide anchorage for the floors/ceilings. Depending on the line, taking into account its history and geograpical area, embankment and cuttings can be predominantly clay, chalk or ash. Its quite common for track to be laid ash waste product from power stations. These are now causing problems due to compaction during construction. How interesting then that the Stanmore branch is currently suffering from shrinking foundations, and that apparently a lot of mega-expensive work is needed to make the track safe for automatic operation. ;D It's good practice to keep well managed vegetation on embankments, especially for clay type soils which shrink or swell depending on the season. It may sound daft but over cutting vegetation like trees can leave a build up of soil water pressure without uptake from roots. You should tell that to the people who went to war against the vegetation in West Kensington cutting, as well as the folks who flattened almost everything on the side of Acton bank.
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Post by stanmorek on Nov 16, 2005 22:08:52 GMT
Fascinating - that sounds similar to the anchor rods and plates you see in really old brick buildings, where a hole is put through the outer brick wall, a large rod with threads fed through and a stonking big plate screwed on and anchored with a bolt. Presumably these plates are used either to hold the walls of the building together or to provide anchorage for the floors/ceilings. This technique is called pinning and is sometimes done to brick arch tunnels. The sub-surface tunnels are made up of up to 7 brick rings constructed on one another but sometimes voids can form to seperate the rings. This can be caused by water seepage and the arch loses some of its strength. So pinning is an option. The tunnel wall on he eastbound (i think) circle platform at Kings Cross has some work done to it. How interesting then that the Stanmore branch is currently suffering from shrinking foundations, and that apparently a lot of mega-expensive work is needed to make the track safe for automatic operation. ;D My local station Stanmore is. Without knowing Tube Lines' plans I fell for the station publicity on building a third platform to reduce passenger waiting time... You should tell that to the people who went to war against the vegetation in West Kensington cutting, as well as the folks who flattened almost everything on the side of Acton bank. I believe embankment stabilisation has been completed at West Ken which would've entailed some amount of vegetation clearance as enabling works. I did hear a story about some overzealous logging on the Richmond Branch a few years back. Apparently some angry letters were written to LUL by a local MP whose back garden view had been rearranged.
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Post by Deleted on Nov 16, 2005 22:18:06 GMT
My local station Stanmore is. Without knowing Tube Lines' plans I fell for the station publicity on building a third platform to reduce passenger waiting time... So what's the awful truth then? I believe embankment stabilisation has been completed at West Ken which would've entailed some amount of vegetation clearance as enabling works. I did hear a story about some overzealous logging on the Richmond Branch a few years back. Apparently some angry letters were written to LUL by a local MP whose back garden view had been rearranged. I can believe that some vegetation would be removed, but there were a sizeable number of bushes and small trees growing along the cutting. Now they are all gone, with grass and weeds as the only replacement - do you guys plant grass as a stablizer? Also, to go back on topic somewhat, are any more lagoons planned for the SSL?
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Post by stanmorek on Nov 16, 2005 23:09:50 GMT
So what's the awful truth then? I honestly don't know! But major stabilisation work was carried out there some ten years ago with slope regrading and building of gabion walls. I did notice the monitoring points built into the embankment (likely to hold remote piezometers measuring pore water pressure). I can believe that some vegetation would be removed, but there were a sizeable number of bushes and small trees growing along the cutting. Now they are all gone, with grass and weeds as the only replacement - do you guys plant grass as a stablizer? Probably an underlying geotextile mesh would be added. Also, to go back on topic somewhat, are any more lagoons planned for the SSL? Save for another major embankment slip the lagoon should be a one off.
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