North End
Beneath Newington Causeway
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Post by North End on Jul 3, 2011 22:43:33 GMT
I still think the 1972 stock is much quicker off the mark than the 1995 stock. At Embankment the 1995 stock departed it was very slow at accelerating. The 1972 stock at Embankment was pritty quick off the mark. I can't really understand why the 1995's are slow off the mark? when the 1959 stock was quicker off the mark. I know the 1995 stock is restricted to about 60-65% power. All in all I would say currently the 1992 stock has the most traction and the 2009 and 1996 stock coming closely behind. What technical equipment are you using to arrive at these conclusions? Regarding the 72 stock versus 95 stock, any experienced staff on the Northern will tell you the 72 stock (and to a lesser extent 59 stock) were faster than 95 stock in their current state. 95 stock is very poor at accelerating - in level platforms most trains struggle to reach 20 mph by the time the rear of the train has left the platform, and on some of the long uphill sections top speeds of 25-30 mph are typical.
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Post by Deleted on Jul 3, 2011 23:21:41 GMT
Certainly on the open sections between East Finchley and High Barnett - where you can measure speeds and acceleration with a GPS - the 1995 TS does not sparkle in any direction irrespective of gradients etc. The GPS reckons Jubilee line 1996 TS stock performs better on it's open section of line. I don't know 1995 vs 1996 TS specs are and how much the stock is capped by. It is clear that the newer sections of Jubilee line I. E Waterloo to Stratford, allows higher speeds than the 'old' Baker Street to Green Park section, and the even older Baker Street to Finchley Road Ex Bakerloo Line tube lines.
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Post by Deleted on Jul 4, 2011 6:36:02 GMT
baardc, you'd use an accelerometer to measure acceleration, GPS devices aren't accurate enough for that part.
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Post by Deleted on Jul 4, 2011 12:21:31 GMT
Accelerometer only measures g-force, so you can only compute speed based on accelerometer data, vehicle weight, rolling resistance etc. Pmly good if you are on a level track or known constant gradient. While GPS accuracy is subject to a number of conditions - I wouldnt trust a phone built in GPS - there are GPS devices capable of recording speed accurately even in a moving train carriage. The point is, whatever device you use, you are going to record data that can be compared. And going back on topic, GPS data that i have seen confirms that for whatever reason, the jubilee line trains seem to be driven faster than trains on the northern line , acceleration and top speed - even though the tube stock in use is very similar. What is also clear is how much more consistent the station start to stop times are on ATO lines, especially the underground sections.
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Post by jardine01 on Jul 4, 2011 16:46:27 GMT
But even when the 1996 stock was restricted they had more power than a 1995 stock. Obviously TBTC/ATO on the Northern line will bring a big difference with more trains per hour and hopefully higher speeds and better Acceration.
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Post by Deleted on Jul 4, 2011 18:04:33 GMT
What are the power and weight specs for 1995 / 1996 TS compared to 67 and 72 TS?
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Post by Deleted on Jul 4, 2011 18:25:58 GMT
Right.. 72ts has more motors per car.
1967 stock - 50% motored axle, LT115 motors which are 53kW continuous rating. 16 times that is 848 kW. The entire train empty weighs 202.8 tons, so 4.181kW/ton.
1972 stock also uses LT115s, and has the same amount of motors, but 1 less trailer. Mk1 is 167.2 tons for train, so 5.072kW/ton Mk2 is 164.2 tons for train, so 5.164kW/ton
EDIT: found the figures.
95ts is 67% motored axle, and weighs 157.6 tonnes for train. 95 uses G355AZ motors. 85kW cont power, 16 motored axles = 1360kW. That makes 8.629kW/ton.
96ts is 57% motored axle, and weighs 176.9 tonnes for train. 96 uses LT200 motors. 90kW cont power, 16 motored axles = 1440kW. That makes 8.140kW/ton.
To give you something to compare to, our current fastest accelerating stocks:
1992 stock is using LT130 motors of 46kW per motor. All axles motored means 32 of them, to 1472kW per train. A train weight of 170.0 tonnes = 8.659kW/ton.
2009 stock is using Bombardier Mitrac motors of 75kW per motor. 75% motored axles gives us 24 motors, or 1800kW per train. Total weight 197.3 tonnes, so 9.123kW/ton. Much higher!
S stock I don't know the weight of but the total is 2080kW of 32 65kW motors.
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Post by Deleted on Jul 4, 2011 19:24:06 GMT
Charlie, I know you've delved into this to the nth degree and forgive me for being dense, but how does a train with around 60% more power fail to accelerate faster than the other type according to all these other people? It doesn't make sense to me.
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Post by Deleted on Jul 4, 2011 19:24:23 GMT
It is capped in the software, that is simple as.
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Post by Deleted on Jul 4, 2011 19:27:55 GMT
It is capped in the software, that is simple as. ;D Ah.....I see. Anyway, thank-you for the speediest response I've ever had on any forum anywhere. You must be a 72 stock old son.
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Post by norbitonflyer on Jul 4, 2011 20:55:56 GMT
Accelerometer only measures g-force, so you can only compute speed based on accelerometer data, vehicle weight, rolling resistance etc. Pmly good if you are on a level track or known constant gradient. g-"force" is a measure of acceleration (1g is 9.8 m/sec/sec), and acceleration is measured by an accelerometer. You need a dynamometer to measure force. In fact, according to Newton's second law of motion, the two are in proprtion to each other provided mass is not changed. Vehicle weight and rolling resistance are simply components of the total force. This is how inertial navigation works (gyrocompasses, and navigation in space). From these measures of acceleration you can determine speed using calculus (also devised by Newton) or simply by calculation (the change of speed over a given time is the average acceleration multiplied by the time taken). Multiply by the time again to get the ditance travelled.
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Post by Deleted on Jul 4, 2011 21:59:15 GMT
Okay, so you flip your accelerometer onto it's side! Now it is recording massiveg-force and yet it is sat on a table going nowhere! How fast is it going??? do the maths! See the problem with accelerometers? Meanwhile my phone gps - is recording 0 mph! Which is most accurate?
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Post by Deleted on Jul 4, 2011 22:06:41 GMT
I see you've dropped the velocity bombshell.
The accelerometer has recorded the force, as it is a force that has been excerted, and it has therefore measured it in that direction. The relative position of the device has not changed, but it has had acceleration applied and hence measured. Also technically the accelerometer would be most accurate, as apart from the rotational axis of the device, there has been a distance travelled.
Accelerometers are the only way to measure acceleration, GPS cannot do it, it does not respond fast enough and can only calculate a laggy specific speed or average speed based on distance travelled in a certain time.
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Post by Deleted on Jul 5, 2011 9:30:54 GMT
No bombshell because in this case we are talking about velocity, acceleration and braking to / from the trains service speed! Personally I use a device that combines gps and accelerometer data. Yes gps can be laggy, depending on the chipset used. A bit like computers. The gps chipsets used in mobile phones, for example, are compromised because they are designed to consume very low power and fit on a chipset along with the other mobile phone circuitry, and of course designed to keep cost down. However you can buy high accuracy, higher performing chipsets, and they can cost into the thousands, before you build a device around them. Check out Racelogic V Box and Race-technology websites! In fact both companies produce devices that integrate accelerometer data and GPS. Go a step further and you can buy GPS devices that integrate GPS and inertial navigation data, which is even more accurate, but will cost tens of thousands of pounds! Having extensively researched this area and tested countless devices I am happy with the accuracy of my GPS speed measurement device, and at the moment I am not aware of any accelerometer only devices that can measure and record the velocity of a moving vehicle over long distances with the consistency and ease of use as a GPS device. Most track day drivers have now shifted to GPS from accelerometer devices as a result!
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Post by Deleted on Jul 5, 2011 9:36:48 GMT
My iPhone 4 nails my position spot on - Apple did not at all skimp on it's GPS functionality.
Also not to forget that you can't use GPS down the pipe. The point is, we are measuring acceleration and deceleration rates. GPS cannot get these, other than an average. An accelerometer gives instant readings.
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Post by Deleted on Jul 5, 2011 12:03:43 GMT
Great. Going back on topic, Please, when you get time, record some acceleration and deceleration rates pm the diffetent types of rolling stock and post them here on the forum for us.
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Post by jardine01 on Jul 11, 2011 18:44:18 GMT
On average what type of speed to trains on the Underground come into stations in general?
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North End
Beneath Newington Causeway
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Post by North End on Jul 11, 2011 21:21:57 GMT
On average what type of speed to trains on the Underground come into stations in general? Depends on which line, as those with 8-car trains have a few extra metres to play with compared to those with 6-car trains. On the Northern trains approach typical platforms at anything between 25-35 mph depending on the individual Train Operator. Certain favourable platforms, e.g. Highgate southbound (9 car platform), Brent Cross southbound, Woodside Park northbound (both uphill approaches) can be entered a bit more, Brent Cross southbound platform ramp can be hit at 40 mph with braking to spare even with wet rails. On lines such as the Central, Victoria and Met with the longer trains, platform approaches at 35-40 mph are more typical. TBTC on the Jubilee seems more variable, but I've seen some 40 mph platform entries on a few occasions.
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Post by Deleted on Jul 12, 2011 0:31:55 GMT
Great. Going back on topic, Please, when you get time, record some acceleration and deceleration rates pm the diffetent types of rolling stock and post them here on the forum for us. I've noted the following S8 stock departing Northwood for Moor Park 0 - 30 mph in 35 seconds. Class 378 departing Haggerston for Hoxton 0 - 35 mph in 20 seconds.
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Post by Deleted on Jul 12, 2011 12:59:20 GMT
Right.. 72ts has more motors per car. 1967 stock - 50% motored axle, LT115 motors which are 53kW continuous rating. 16 times that is 848 kW. The entire train empty weighs 202.8 tons, so 4.181kW/ton. 1972 stock also uses LT115s, and has the same amount of motors, but 1 less trailer. Mk1 is 167.2 tons for train, so 5.072kW/ton Mk2 is 164.2 tons for train, so 5.164kW/ton EDIT: found the figures. 95ts is 67% motored axle, and weighs 157.6 tonnes for train. 95 uses G355AZ motors. 85kW cont power, 16 motored axles = 1360kW. That makes 8.629kW/ton. 96ts is 57% motored axle, and weighs 176.9 tonnes for train. 96 uses LT200 motors. 90kW cont power, 16 motored axles = 1440kW. That makes 8.140kW/ton. To give you something to compare to, our current fastest accelerating stocks: 1992 stock is using LT130 motors of 46kW per motor. All axles motored means 32 of them, to 1472kW per train. A train weight of 170.0 tonnes = 8.659kW/ton. 2009 stock is using Bombardier Mitrac motors of 75kW per motor. 75% motored axles gives us 24 motors, or 1800kW per train. Total weight 197.3 tonnes, so 9.123kW/ton. Much higher! S stock I don't know the weight of but the total is 2080kW of 32 65kW motors. I suspect having more powered axles is an advantage on 92 TS than the extra outright power. Also maximum starting effort per motor is a variable along with how much power the computers are programmed to apply through the acceleration process. For example the main line class 87 locks could be accelerated much harder cos drivers could control actual power delivery, I. E pushing ammeters into the yellow zones. Whereas class 90 with virtually same motors have computer controlled power delivery! Surprised to see that some of the fastest recorded start to stop station times on the central line underground sections are still in the hands of 1962 TS!!
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Post by Deleted on Jul 12, 2011 13:16:16 GMT
That's very interesting, as the motor cars on 1962ts are inboard axles driven only, so even if you had only DM and NDM cars you'd still end up with 50% motored axles! 62ts were formed DM-NDM-T-DM x 2 sets, so with 16 axles in that unit to work with, and only 6 of them motored, or 37.5%. You must remember the Central line had signals with overlaps long enough for standard stock, not 62s. They are only 720kW per train, with a weight of 196.38 tons. That's a miserable 3.66kW/ton, spread over 12 axles. Average axle load on a 62 DM is 6.655 tons, whereas a 92ts DM has an average axle load of 5.625 tons.
92s have 46kW power per motor, compared to 60kW on a 62ts. To put into perspective this, for a 92ts DM, the power for axle load ton is 8.177kW/axle ton, whereas on a 62ts DM, the same is 9.01kW/axle ton. That means 92ts should be measurably less prone to wheelslip and therefore be able to accelerate at a greater rate.
Of course that doesn't account for gearing or driving style, nor signalling. 92s drive as hard as they can. The only logic I can find behind the 92s taking longer than 62s would simply be the signalling and throughput available from it - not forgetting that the Central ran with compromised overlaps and multiple home signalling in several places, which were most certainly compromised.
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Post by Deleted on Jul 12, 2011 13:51:01 GMT
I think there may have been a touch if overspeeding plus very late braking. I will try to record some times on an early morning train when there is more juice available and less chance of line congestion.
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Post by superteacher on Jul 12, 2011 19:18:44 GMT
The 1992 stock don't go above about 42mph in the tunnels, and are limited to this by ATP. The 1962 srock were also limited to similar speeds, but of course there was no ATP to prevent them from being driven faster. Reports of 50-55mph were not uncommon between Mile End and Stratford eastbound. I remember being thrown out of my seat on some occasions, such was the lurching from side to side. Happy days!
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Post by Deleted on Jul 12, 2011 19:32:40 GMT
Ah yes!! Wheelslip... Remember it fondly on the 62's. Picadilly 1973 TS always seems prone to it too especially on restart.
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Post by jardine01 on Jul 12, 2011 19:39:30 GMT
What i find with the 92 stock is they seem to brake at the very last second and the same goes with the Victoria line. But the Jubilee line ATO is pritty slow compared to the Central and Victoria lines the Jubilee line braking is very gradual and not at last second.
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Post by plasmid on Jul 12, 2011 19:53:17 GMT
09ts tends to brake a fair bit before the station, 92ts seems to apply the brake before the station with full breaking only just as it arrives in the platform. Deep level only...outside the braking profiles are less harsh.
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Post by Deleted on Jul 12, 2011 20:08:11 GMT
Agreed, jubilee braking definitely earlier and gentler. Most platforms on open sections entered at 25-30mph. Central will brake early from 53mph in open, but platform entry speeds still between 30/40 mph
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Post by superteacher on Jul 12, 2011 21:03:43 GMT
The Jubilee will get quicker when the new timetable comes in.
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Post by edwin on Jul 15, 2011 1:03:53 GMT
09ts tends to brake a fair bit before the station, 92ts seems to apply the brake before the station with full breaking only just as it arrives in the platform. Deep level only...outside the braking profiles are less harsh. As has been said the 92TS is restricted to 40mph in the tunnels (why is this btw?) but AFAIK the 09TS is can go to 50mph in tunnels. Maybe that explains why they brake earlier, because whenever I go on the 09TS the trains enter the station at roughly the same speed as the 92TS.
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Post by jardine01 on Jul 15, 2011 6:32:15 GMT
I think the 92 stock is restricted to 40mph is probally the shorter distance between stations than the victoria line. However i cant see why 50mph is not possible between Mile end and statford for instance. I know the Central line can go up to 53mph outside. I belive the highest speed possible in the tunnels is Code 8 45mph
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