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Post by Deleted on Oct 27, 2010 20:46:12 GMT
Hello everyone.
I am currently doing a final year project at my university. The subject is pick-up shoe failure on Metro trains, like the ones that run on the London Underground. I.e. metal shoes falling off the trains. The aim is to (hopefully) come up with a solution.
Right now I am trying to find as much information as I can on the shoes and I thought this forum would be a good place to ask, which means I will have a number of questions.
I'd like to ask, is there a particular line where shoe failure is most common?
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Post by Deleted on Oct 27, 2010 20:56:13 GMT
'shoe failure' only really happens with a broken/dislodged rail, or an obstruction on the track. They are on pretty solidly!
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Post by Dmitri on Oct 27, 2010 21:35:29 GMT
They do not need to be stronger than they are. Reason: when a shoe runs into obstruction, you want to limit damage to the shoe itself, avoiding damage to the current rail or shoe suspension.
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slugabed
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Post by slugabed on Oct 27, 2010 22:00:40 GMT
'shoe failure' only really happens with a broken/dislodged rail, or an obstruction on the track. They are on pretty solidly! Shoe-beam BRACKETS,on the other hand.....
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Post by Deleted on Oct 27, 2010 23:49:09 GMT
Bit of info, but not much, here: www.brecknell-willis.co.uk/shoegear_datasheets.htmThey make shoegear for quite a lot of LU Rolling Stock, so they may be happy to provide some info if you were to ask them. Shoes on the underground are solidly fixed (some automatically retractable, some only manually retractable), and the Standards require that they have a frangible part that is intended to break if a certain force is applied - a shoe gone out of gauge that would not break off could cause hundreds of thousands of pounds worth of damage as it goes down the track. You have not picked an easy project - do you have to just design something that would/could work, or does it have to be something that would be marketable (comparable life cycle costs to the existing shoegear)? Don't know where shoe failure is most common. It will almost certainly be a line with a fair bit of surface running, such as Met, District, Picc, Central.
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Post by Deleted on Oct 28, 2010 0:02:03 GMT
Dont be so sure the show will always break off. Many years ago I had a 83 Tube stock derailment at the south end of neasden depot due to the negative shoe going under an out of guage negative rail. Result... the rear car lifted off the track pole vault style and dropped down again demolishing a set of points. Happy days......
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Post by Deleted on Oct 28, 2010 14:02:07 GMT
You have not picked an easy project - do you have to just design something that would/could work, or does it have to be something that would be marketable (comparable life cycle costs to the existing shoegear)? At this point the project could go in a number of directions. It can go "something that could/would work", but it can also be purely theoretical as well. But thank you for everyone who's helped so far.
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Post by singaporesam on Oct 29, 2010 11:19:51 GMT
Dont be so sure the show will always break off. Many years ago I had a 83 Tube stock derailment at the south end of neasden depot due to the negative shoe going under an out of guage negative rail. Result... the rear car lifted off the track pole vault style and dropped down again demolishing a set of points. Happy days...... Are you sure the rocker didn't break ? We had a negi get knocked off on the West end at Ealing once and the dangling shoe then managed to turn over a couple of sections of negi rail and rip up a load of walk boards. It didn't derail but when it finally stopped the earth fault detector was ringing and we had a 100m long pigtail and droplead stretched from the shoe that was wedged in the walk boards to the train that was stopped on A road ! Similarly the Derailment on the Richmond branch when the last bogie of a D though it'd rather than go to South Acton than Turnham Green was caused by a dangling negi shoe which was one of a number that had got knocked off by a piece of dodgy rail just outside Richmond. For some reason the routing and length of the negi pigtail made it less likely to fail in an impact that the positive ones On D stock the positive rocker are more prone to fatigue failure at the frangible part , so you need to replace them at a regular intervals to stop them getting to their life and becoming a garden ornament in Chiswick .
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Post by Deleted on Nov 4, 2010 13:40:14 GMT
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Post by singaporesam on Nov 4, 2010 15:06:10 GMT
Nope - Thats the latch for the shoe lifting gear .
The rocker is the bit that the pigtail is crimped into and the shoe attaches to. Its the frangible bit .
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Post by railtechnician on Nov 4, 2010 17:50:09 GMT
Shoes are often found at trackside having become detached from shoebeams. Many cause no damage at all but a low shoe can be disastrous. At the beginning of the noughties I attended a track failure at the entrance to Ealing Common depot. When I arrived it was quite obvious that the track failure was insignificant compared to the other damage. One of the last trains into the depot from Ealing Common had hooked a 'V' in the current rails while negotiating the points and had pulled the negative rail which lifted off the pots, took up the slack in the snake, pulling section after section of negative rail and snakes uprooting the walkboards to the shunters cabin in the process and eventually the leading bogie derailed about a trains length or so into the depot. It took all night to rerail the train, repair the traction connections, walkway etc and check the signalling which aprat from a blown fuse was otherwise undamaged.
Obviously there are devices to obviate shoe failure such as the wooden ramps on approaches to point equipment and trainstops, ramps to lift shoes over rail crossings, low negative shoe detectors to give some early warning of potential failure etc.
I don't know what the procedures are nowadays but years ago all shoes found at trackside were recorded and returned to the rolling stock depots AFAIR for failure and repair evaluation purposes and presumably for the 'paper trail' that is kept on the vast majority of assets.
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Post by singaporesam on Nov 6, 2010 14:58:49 GMT
Shoes are often found at trackside having become detached from shoebeams. Many cause no damage at all but a low shoe can be disastrous. At the beginning of the noughties I attended a track failure at the entrance to Ealing Common depot. When I arrived it was quite obvious that the track failure was insignificant compared to the other damage. One of the last trains into the depot from Ealing Common had hooked a 'V' in the current rails while negotiating the points and had pulled the negative rail which lifted off the pots, took up the slack in the snake, pulling section after section of negative rail and snakes uprooting the walkboards to the shunters cabin in the process and eventually the leading bogie derailed about a trains length or so into the depot. It took all night to rerail the train, repair the traction connections, walkway etc and check the signalling which aprat from a blown fuse was otherwise undamaged. Obviously there are devices to obviate shoe failure such as the wooden ramps on approaches to point equipment and trainstops, ramps to lift shoes over rail crossings, low negative shoe detectors to give some early warning of potential failure etc. I don't know what the procedures are nowadays but years ago all shoes found at trackside were recorded and returned to the rolling stock depots AFAIR for failure and repair evaluation purposes and presumably for the 'paper trail' that is kept on the vast majority of assets. Sounds a lot like a re-run of the incident I described. That happened in '93 during the Depot refurbishment . We had various roads under full time possession so we needed to stable one on A road . We shunted after the last train and thats when exactly what you described happened except we didn't derail, instead we had a very very long pigtail. When it happened I was shocked it was the first time I'd heard the earth fault detector ring longer than a second then it stopped because we were keeping the neighbors happy by completely shutting the train down overnight ( MA's off, compressors tripped etc.) and starting it back up in the morning. The TMs only realized it had happened when they saw the walkboards when walking back to the Cabin for a cuppa
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Post by singaporesam on Nov 6, 2010 16:13:07 GMT
Many cause no damage at all but a low shoe can be disastrous. In my experience Low shoes are extremely rare, what is much more common is out of gauge conductor rail , especially some of the small negi sections in point work, they seems to have propensity to bounce out of position and start knocking shoes off left right and centre.
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Post by railtechnician on Nov 7, 2010 14:06:53 GMT
Many cause no damage at all but a low shoe can be disastrous. In my experience Low shoes are extremely rare, what is much more common is out of gauge conductor rail , especially some of the small negi sections in point work, they seems to have propensity to bounce out of position and start knocking shoes off left right and centre. Yep, track bounces and incredibly so in some places for instance the east end of the centre platforms at Acton Town where the beds have always been 'wet'. The track bounced so much that it used to rattle trainstops out of gauge and in the wet season fill them full of muddy gunge too thrown up with the bouncing. I suspect that most damage to shoes over pointwork would be exacerbated by higher than average speed and rail wear. There are usually more than enough ramps to keep shoes clear of equipment in the four foot and six foot but the crossings will always be a weakness. As for out of gauge traction conductors I don't see that they'd be a problem in theory but in practice with wear and tear on the running rails and 'swing' and 'sway' of the stock I can see it. As a lineman the headache with out of gauge traction rails was usually more to do with the pozi than the neggi as it had a habit of collecting drinks cans and then connecting to the continuous rail to create a traction earth fault. The cans get very hot as they melt away acting as dc resistances and of course are often the cause of what we used to call 'smoulderings'.
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Post by Deleted on Nov 11, 2010 10:59:47 GMT
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Post by singaporesam on Nov 12, 2010 16:04:44 GMT
Yes, its the entire T plus the bit thats a bit like a mushroom shape that attaches to the shoe. Its a single piece casting.
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Post by Deleted on Nov 21, 2010 21:11:07 GMT
I now have a couple of questions:
1) What are the shoes made out of? Are they forged or cast? And out of what material? Steel or iron?
2) I read on here a month ago that the A stocks were being withdrawn from service due to problems with their shoes, but not for the same reason as the D stocks. Does anyone know what exactly was wrong with them?
If the last question is too sensitive please ignore it.
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Deleted
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Post by Deleted on Nov 21, 2010 22:00:24 GMT
Not shoes, but shoebeams and the attachment to the bogie frames.
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Post by Deleted on Nov 22, 2010 3:37:56 GMT
Not shoes, but shoebeams and the attachment to the bogie frames. I believe they had developed cracks.
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Post by Deleted on Nov 27, 2010 14:32:32 GMT
Sorry, I need clarification. Do you mean the actual blocks of wood were cracking?
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Post by Deleted on Nov 27, 2010 16:36:57 GMT
Sorry, I need clarification. Do you mean the actual blocks of wood were cracking? I would imagine that it was the metal brackets between shoebeam and bogie frame cracking. Shoebeams, being wood, are likely to crack far more frequently.
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Post by t697 on Nov 27, 2010 17:24:18 GMT
Shoebeams, being wood, are likely to crack far more frequently. Actually, wooden shoebeams on LU rolling stock suffer very little cracking. Good stuff when used properly.
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Post by singaporesam on Nov 29, 2010 23:55:40 GMT
I'm not an expert on the manufacturing process , but the shoes and rockers look like they're drop forged. The shoebeam brackets look like they're cast. Posi- shoebeams are a hardwood like hardwood sleepers, not sure of the type of wood. Negi shoebeams on D stock are Paxolin , not sure what they are on other stocks.
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Post by phillw48 on Nov 30, 2010 9:26:06 GMT
I'm not an expert on the manufacturing process , but the shoes and rockers look like they're drop forged. The shoebeam brackets look like they're cast. Posi- shoebeams are a hardwood like hardwood sleepers, not sure of the type of wood. Negi shoebeams on D stock are Paxolin , not sure what they are on other stocks. The shoebeams used to be teak which as a tropical hardwood from endangered rain forests is no longer available. Possibly the A and C stocks are still fitted with teak shoebeams as they probably would have done so from new
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Post by ducatisti on Nov 30, 2010 9:37:46 GMT
Not LU, but I notice that the new Desiros etc have plastic shoebeams, whereas the old 4-VEP etc had hardwood.
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Post by Deleted on Nov 30, 2010 10:28:22 GMT
Not LU, but I notice that the new Desiros etc have plastic shoebeams, whereas the old 4-VEP etc had hardwood. I see 375s and 465s and the likes running round with nice varnished wood shoebeams. Couldn't tell what wood it was though.
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Post by singaporesam on Nov 30, 2010 13:08:54 GMT
I'm not an expert on the manufacturing process , but the shoes and rockers look like they're drop forged. The shoebeam brackets look like they're cast. Posi- shoebeams are a hardwood like hardwood sleepers, not sure of the type of wood. Negi shoebeams on D stock are Paxolin , not sure what they are on other stocks. The shoebeams used to be teak which as a tropical hardwood from endangered rain forests is no longer available. Possibly the A and C stocks are still fitted with teak shoebeams as they probably would have done so from new Teak is definitely available, loads of shops here with freshly made teak furniture from Indonesia. Narra is an alternative to teak , not quite as strong though
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Post by phillw48 on Nov 30, 2010 15:27:57 GMT
[/quote] Teak is definitely available, loads of shops here with freshly made teak furniture from Indonesia. Narra is an alternative to teak , not quite as strong though[/quote] Yes teak is still available but from managed forests and certainly not in sufficient quantities to cover all requirements. This has made it too expensive to use for things like shoe beams. The furniture that you speak of is almost certainly a veneer not solid wood.
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rincew1nd
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Post by rincew1nd on Nov 30, 2010 21:13:53 GMT
Not LU, but I notice that the new Desiros etc have plastic shoebeams, whereas the old 4-VEP etc had hardwood. I see 375s and 465s and the likes running round with nice varnished wood shoebeams. Couldn't tell what wood it was though. Plastic that has been painted in scumble? [/cynic]
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Post by Deleted on Nov 30, 2010 21:40:00 GMT
I see 375s and 465s and the likes running round with nice varnished wood shoebeams. Couldn't tell what wood it was though. Plastic that has been painted in scumble? [/cynic] I know wood when I see wood ;D It was most certainly not plastic.
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